The success of organizations in a complex and changing environment requires Knowledge-based competitive advantage. Research has shown that the benefits based on the internal capabilities of the organization more effectively determine the competitive position. By encouraging creativity and innovation and building trust among employees, Knowledge-oriented leaders create appropriate organizational culture to share Knowledge in order to adapt rapidly to environmental change and to achieve organizational goals. The present study seeks to test the moderating role of Knowledge-intensive culture in the relationship between Knowledge-oriented leadership and Knowledge Sharing. Managers of Knowledge-based companies established into Shahid Beheshti University and University of Tehran, answered the relevant questionnaire. After the statistical analysis of the data which were done using structural equation modeling (SEM), the findings of the study showed that Knowledge-oriented leadership style did not affect Knowledge Sharing in the study population, while Knowledge-intensive culture moderated the relationship between Knowledge-oriented leadership and Knowledge Sharing. It should be noted that this article has theoretical and practical implications for researchers and executives.